un 2 00 5 A moduli approach to quadratic Q - curves realizing

For a fixed odd prime p and a representation ̺ of the absolute Galois group of Q into the projective group PGL2(Fp), we provide the twisted modular curves whose rational points supply the quadratic Q-curves of degree N prime to p that realize ̺ through the Galois action on their p-torsion modules. The modular curve to twist is either the fiber product of the modular curves X0(N) and X(p) or a certain quotient of AtkinLehner type, depending on the value of N mod p. For our purposes, a special care must be taken in fixing rational models for these modular curves and in studying their automorphisms. By performing some genus computations, we obtain from Faltings’ theorem some finiteness results on the number of quadratic Q-curves of a given degree N realizing ̺.